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What Is Flash Burn (Welder's Eye)?

Flash burn, also known as welder's eye, is a painful corneal injury caused by intense ultraviolet light exposure. Welding arcs, sun lamps, and reflections from metal or water can injure the corneal surface. The damage causes sharp pain, tearing, and light sensitivity several hours after exposure. Although the injury is temporary, it can be extremely uncomfortable. Prompt care helps prevent infection and supports healing.

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What Is Flash Burn (Welder's Eye)?

Flash burn, also known as welder's eye, is a painful corneal injury caused by intense ultraviolet light exposure. Welding arcs, sun lamps, and reflections from metal or water can injure the corneal surface. The damage causes sharp pain, tearing, and light sensitivity several hours after exposure. Although the injury is temporary, it can be extremely uncomfortable. Prompt care helps prevent infection and supports healing.

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What Causes Flash Burn?

Flash burn occurs when UV light strips the corneal surface cells. Welding without proper shields is the most common cause. Sunlight reflected off snow or water can also injure the cornea. Tanning lamps and arc flashes are additional sources. The injury often appears after a delay of several hours, making the connection between the exposure and symptoms clearer during evaluation.

Symptoms Linked to Flash Burn

Flash burn produces intense surface-related symptoms. People often feel sharp, scratching pain that worsens with blinking. Tearing increases as the eye tries to soothe itself. Light sensitivity can become severe, making it hard to keep the eyes open. Vision may blur due to surface irregularity. Redness and eyelid swelling can develop as inflammation spreads across the surface tissues.

How Is Flash Burn Diagnosed?

Doctors use dye to highlight damaged corneal cells. A slit lamp exam shows widespread superficial staining. Eyelids are checked for trapped particles that may worsen irritation. Vision testing rules out deeper involvement. Diagnosing flash burn is based on the pattern of surface damage and the patient's exposure history.

How Is Flash Burn Treated?

Treatment includes lubricating drops, antibiotic ointment, and pain management. Cold compresses help reduce swelling and light sensitivity. Most injuries heal within one to three days. Protective eyewear is recommended to prevent future episodes. Follow-up is needed if symptoms worsen or do not improve as expected.

Frequently Asked Questions About Flash Burn

Is flash burn dangerous?

It is painful but usually heals without long-term effects.

Why does pain appear hours later?

Corneal surface cells break down gradually after UV exposure.

Can both eyes be affected?

Yes. UV exposure often reaches both eyes at the same time.

When should I seek care?

Seek help if pain is severe, vision drops, or symptoms last longer than a day.