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What Is an Eyelid Bump or Lump?

An eyelid bump or lump is usually either a chalazion or a stye. A chalazion is a swollen, typically painless lump that forms when a meibomian oil gland becomes blocked, leading to buildup of oil and fluid. A stye (hordeolum) is a painful, red bump at the edge of the eyelid caused by a bacterial infection of an oil gland or eyelash follicle. Both conditions can cause swelling and irritation and may interfere with vision if large.

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What Is an Eyelid Bump or Lump?

An eyelid bump or lump is usually either a chalazion or a stye. A chalazion is a swollen, typically painless lump that forms when a meibomian oil gland becomes blocked, leading to buildup of oil and fluid. A stye (hordeolum) is a painful, red bump at the edge of the eyelid caused by a bacterial infection of an oil gland or eyelash follicle. Both conditions can cause swelling and irritation and may interfere with vision if large.

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Causes of Eyelid Bumps

Chalazia develop when the opening of a meibomian gland becomes blocked, leading to trapped secretions and swelling. Risk factors include previous chalazia, chronic blepharitis, skin conditions like rosacea or seborrheic dermatitis, dry skin and hormonal changes. Styes occur when bacteria, often Staphylococcus, infect an eyelid gland or eyelash follicle, causing a red, tender lump. Poor eyelid hygiene increases risk.

Symptoms to Watch

A chalazion appears as a painless or mildly tender bump on the eyelid, sometimes accompanied by swelling, watering or blurred vision if large. A stye presents as a painful, red lump at the lash line or just inside the lid, with swelling, tearing and crusting. Both conditions may cause sensitivity to light and the sensation of something in the eye.

When to Seek Medical Care

See an eye specialist if a bump persists or enlarges, interferes with vision or recurs. Persistent or atypical lumps may require evaluation to rule out other conditions. Styes that do not improve with home care may need antibiotic treatment. Avoid squeezing or attempting to drain the bump yourself.

Treatment and Management

Apply warm compresses to the eyelid several times a day to soften oils and promote drainage. Maintain good eyelid hygiene by gently cleaning the lid margins. Styes may be treated with antibiotic drops or ointments. For large or persistent chalazia, steroid injections or minor surgery may be needed to drain the cyst. Avoid eye makeup and contact lenses until the bump heals.

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I pop a stye?

No. Attempting to pop or squeeze a stye can spread infection and worsen inflammation. Use warm compresses and see a doctor if it doesn't improve.

How long do eyelid bumps last?

Styes usually heal within a week or two with proper care. Chalazia may take several weeks to resolve and sometimes require medical treatment if they persist.

Are chalazia contagious?

No. Chalazia result from blocked oil glands and are not contagious. However, the bacteria that cause styes can be contagious if there is drainage, so wash your hands and avoid sharing towels.

Can makeup cause eyelid lumps?

Old or contaminated eye makeup can contribute to blocked glands or infection. Replace mascara and eye makeup regularly, and remove makeup thoroughly before sleep to reduce risk.