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Lidocaine is an amide local anesthetic available in several prescription forms. This page focuses on lidocaine hydrochloride injection used for infiltration and nerve blocks. Current U.S. labeling includes local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgery, dental procedures, diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, and obstetrical procedures in adults and pediatric patients.
read more about lidocaine ...Lidocaine blocks voltage-gated sodium channels in nerve membranes. This prevents initiation and conduction of nerve impulses and produces reversible loss of sensation in the treated region.
Lidocaine hydrochloride injection is administered by trained clinicians for local infiltration, peripheral nerve block, epidural or caudal techniques with suitable formulations, and other labeled regional anesthesia procedures. The selected concentration and dose depend on the procedure, treatment area, patient condition, and required depth of anesthesia.
Dosing varies by procedure. For adults receiving lidocaine without epinephrine, the maximum individual dose is 4.5 mg per kg, and the total dose does not exceed 300 mg in most situations. Lower doses are used in older, debilitated, acutely ill, hepatic-impaired, or cardiovascular-impaired patients when clinically indicated.
Excessive blood concentrations or unintended intravascular or intrathecal injection can cause seizures, respiratory depression, coma, low blood pressure, slow heart rate, arrhythmias, cardiovascular collapse, or cardiac arrest. Methemoglobinemia and severe hypersensitivity can also occur. Continuous intra-articular infusion after surgery is an unapproved use associated with chondrolysis.
Current labeling includes local or regional anesthesia or analgesia for surgical, dental, diagnostic, therapeutic, and obstetrical procedures.
The maximum individual dose is 4.5 mg per kg, with a general total-dose limit of 300 mg.
Yes. Local anesthetics including lidocaine have been associated with methemoglobinemia.
Yes. Systemic toxicity can cause respiratory depression, low blood pressure, arrhythmias, cardiovascular collapse, and cardiac arrest.
DailyMed - LIDOCAINE HYDROCHLORIDE injection, solution. https://dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=9c18eaf1-4a0b-4916-70b2-88a827494711. Date Accessed October 13, 2026.
Lidocaine. PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/lidocaine. Date Accessed October 13, 2026.
Lidocaine. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539881/. Date Accessed October 13, 2026.
Lidocaine Hydrochloride. PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/lidocaine-hydrochloride. Date Accessed October 13, 2026.
Lidocaine Injection (local anesthetic). MedlinePlus. https://www.medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a625061.html. Date Accessed October 13, 2026.