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What Is Jellyfish Sting Keratitis?

Jellyfish sting keratitis occurs when nematocyst toxins contact the cornea, triggering inflammation, pain, and surface damage. The injury may happen when ocean water containing tentacle remnants reaches the eye. People notice immediate burning, redness, and blurred vision. The cornea may develop epithelial defects or deeper inflammation depending on the toxin's strength. Early irrigation and treatment help limit long-term scarring risk.

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What Is Jellyfish Sting Keratitis?

Jellyfish sting keratitis occurs when nematocyst toxins contact the cornea, triggering inflammation, pain, and surface damage. The injury may happen when ocean water containing tentacle remnants reaches the eye. People notice immediate burning, redness, and blurred vision. The cornea may develop epithelial defects or deeper inflammation depending on the toxin's strength. Early irrigation and treatment help limit long-term scarring risk.

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Causes of Jellyfish Sting Keratitis

The condition results from exposure to tentacle toxins. Tiny stinging cells release irritants when activated. Beach environments increase accidental exposure. Rubbing the eye worsens toxin spread. Species type influences severity.

Symptoms of Jellyfish Sting Keratitis

People feel sudden pain and burning. Redness increases quickly. Vision becomes hazy. Light sensitivity is common. Swelling and tearing often follow.

How It Is Diagnosed

Doctors inspect the cornea for epithelial defects. Fluorescein staining highlights injury patterns. History of recent ocean exposure supports diagnosis. Pressure may be checked if inflammation rises. Severity determines treatment approach.

Treatment for Jellyfish Sting Keratitis

Immediate irrigation dilutes toxins. Medication reduces inflammation and pain. Lubrication supports healing. Preventing rubbing or further exposure is important. Follow-up ensures the cornea heals without scarring.

Frequently Asked Questions About Jellyfish Sting Keratitis

Is vision loss permanent?

Most cases heal without lasting effects.

Can this happen after swimming?

Yes, especially in areas with jellyfish activity.

Does it spread?

The injury does not spread once toxins are removed.

When should I seek care?

Seek care immediately after ocular exposure.