What Are Flashes of Light? (Photopsia)
A visual symptom (photopsia) described as sudden, brief perceptions of light, sparks, or lightning streaks in the visual field, usually more noticeable in dark environments.
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Root Cause
They are caused by mechanical stimulation (traction) of the retina, often by the vitreous humor (the clear gel filling the eye) pulling on it as it naturally shrinks with age (Posterior Vitreous Detachment).
Seriousness
While often benign (due to PVD), sudden onset of new, frequent flashes, especially if accompanied by a curtain or shadow in vision, is an emergency sign of Retinal Detachment.
Migraine Aura
Flashes can also be a symptom of a migraine aura, where they appear as shimmering, zigzag lines (scintillating scotoma) that usually last 10-30 minutes.
How do you tell if it's serious?
New, frequent, or numerous flashes, or flashes associated with a new shadow/loss of peripheral vision, are immediate reasons to see an eye doctor.
Do flashes come from outside the eye?
No, photopsia is an internal visual experience. The light sensation is generated by the retina being physically stimulated, not by external light sources.
Can exercise cause flashes?
Vigorous head movement during exercise can sometimes transiently increase vitreous traction, causing temporary flashes of light.