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Cerebral palsy (CP) is a general term for a group of disorders that affect a person's ability to move, keep their balance, and hold their posture. "Cerebral" means it is related to the brain, and "palsy" means weakness or problems with using muscles. It is the most common movement disability in children.
read more about cerebral palsy ...Cerebral palsy is caused by abnormal development of the brain or by damage to the brain while it is still developing. This can happen before, during, or shortly after birth. Causes can include an infection in the mother during pregnancy, a lack of oxygen to the brain during a difficult birth, or a severe head injury in early infancy.
The symptoms are different for every person. The main sign is a problem with movement and coordination. A child with CP might have stiff muscles, or they might seem floppy. They may have trouble with fine motor skills, like holding a crayon, or with larger movements, like walking. Some children may also have seizures or problems with vision, hearing, or speaking.
There are a few main types of CP. The most common is spastic cerebral palsy, which causes stiff muscles and awkward movements. Athetoid cerebral palsy causes uncontrolled, slow, or writhing movements. Ataxic cerebral palsy is the least common and causes problems with balance and coordination, making a person seem shaky or unsteady.
Doctors diagnose CP by checking a child's muscle tone, posture, and reflexes. They will also ask if the child is meeting their developmental milestones, like rolling over, sitting, or walking, on time. A doctor will often order a brain scan, like an MRI, to look for any signs of damage to the brain.
There is no cure for cerebral palsy, but treatment can make a big difference in a person's life. The main treatment is physical therapy to help with strength and movement. Occupational therapy helps with daily skills, like dressing or writing. Speech therapy can help with speaking and swallowing. Sometimes, medicines are used to help relax stiff muscles.
Will cerebral palsy get worse over time?
No. The original brain injury that causes CP does not get worse. However, the symptoms can change as a person gets older. For example, stiff muscles can cause joint problems over time if they are not managed with therapy.
Is cerebral palsy contagious?
No. You cannot catch cerebral palsy from another person. It is not an illness or an infection.
Is cerebral palsy a genetic disease?
Usually, no. Most cases are caused by a brain injury and are not inherited. In a very small number of cases, a genetic flaw can be a factor, but this is rare.
You should see your doctor if your baby or young child is not meeting their developmental milestones. If your child seems very stiff or very floppy, favors one side of their body, or has trouble with coordination, it is important to have them checked. Early diagnosis and starting therapy right away can help a child reach their full potential.