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A dendritic ulcer is a corneal ulcer caused by the herpes simplex virus. It forms a branching pattern on the cornea that resembles the shape of a tree. These ulcers damage the corneal surface and can cause pain, redness, and blurry vision. Without proper treatment, the infection can worsen and lead to scarring. Early diagnosis helps prevent long-term vision problems.
read more about dendritic ulcer ...The herpes simplex virus type 1 is the main cause. The virus often lies dormant in nerve tissue and reactivates during illness, stress, or immune suppression. Sun exposure and eye injuries can also trigger reactivation. Contact lens misuse increases irritation and risk. Recognizing triggers helps prevent recurrence.
Symptoms include eye pain, tearing, redness, and sensitivity to light. Some people report a gritty sensation or burning. Blurry vision occurs when the ulcer affects the central cornea. The eyelids may become swollen. Severe discomfort usually leads patients to seek care quickly.
Doctors use fluorescein dye to highlight the ulcer's branching pattern. A slit-lamp exam confirms the shape and location. Viral testing is sometimes used for unclear cases. The distinct dendritic appearance makes diagnosis straightforward. Early evaluation helps determine the correct treatment.
A dendritic ulcer is an urgent eye issue because it can scar the cornea and lead to lasting vision problems without fast treatment. Care usually involves prescription antiviral medication and close follow-up to confirm the ulcer is healing. Avoid contact lens wear until an eye doctor clears you, since lenses can worsen irritation and infection risk. If pain, redness, light sensitivity, or blurred vision increases, get emergency eye care.
The virus itself is contagious, but the ulcer is a reaction on the cornea and does not spread between people.
Yes. Herpes virus reactivation can cause recurrent corneal ulcers.
Wearing lenses during infection can irritate the cornea and should be avoided.
Severe or repeated ulcers can scar the cornea and impair vision.
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