Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Bone Cement Guidance. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. https://www.fda.gov/medical-devices/guidance-documents-medical-devices-and-radiation-emitting-products/polymethylmethacrylate-pmma-bone-cement-class-ii-special-controls-guidance-document-industry-and-fda. Date Accessed June 18, 2026.
Bone cement. Indian Journal of Orthopaedics (PMC). https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3880950/. Date Accessed June 18, 2026.
21 CFR 888.3027: Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cement. Electronic Code of Federal Regulations. https://www.ecfr.gov/current/title-21/chapter-I/subchapter-H/part-888/subpart-D/section-888.3027. Date Accessed June 18, 2026.
Medical Devices: Reclassification of Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Bone Cement. Federal Register. https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2002/07/17/02-18036/medical-devices-reclassification-of-polymethylmethacrylate-pmma-bone-cement. Date Accessed June 18, 2026.
Study of the cement implantation syndrome: A review. PMC. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11175870/. Date Accessed June 18, 2026.