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Rectocele repair is surgery to correct a bulge of the rectum into the back wall of the vagina. The bulge develops when the tissue between the rectum and vagina weakens. A common repair, called posterior colporrhaphy, reinforces this area with stitches. The goal is to reduce bothersome bulging or bowel symptoms, although symptoms can persist or return.
read more about rectocele repair ...Surgery may be considered when a vaginal bulge, difficulty passing stool, or other symptoms interfere with daily life. Clinicians usually discuss nonsurgical care first, such as managing constipation, pelvic floor exercises, or a pessary. An examination also checks for other types of pelvic organ prolapse. The treatment decision depends on symptoms and the patient's preferences.
A common approach places an incision in the back wall of the vagina. The surgeon brings weakened support tissues together with stitches to strengthen the wall between the vagina and rectum. Excess vaginal tissue may be removed before the incision is closed. The surgical plan may also address another prolapsed area if needed.
Vaginal soreness, light bleeding, or discharge can occur after surgery. The care team gives instructions about activity and when to resume vaginal intercourse. Avoiding constipation and straining helps protect the repair while it heals. Recovery varies according to the procedure and any additional repairs.
Risks include bleeding, infection, and pain during sex. A connection between the rectum and vagina, called a fistula, is a possible complication. Bowel symptoms may not fully improve, and the rectocele can return. The surgeon can explain the risks of the recommended repair.
No. A rectocele that causes few or no symptoms may not need treatment, and nonsurgical care can help some patients.
No. Rectocele repair supports the tissue between the rectum and vagina; it does not require removal of the uterus.
Yes. Surgery may improve symptoms, but prolapse can recur over time.
Straining during bowel movements puts pressure on the healing repair. The care team may recommend steps to keep stools soft.
Colporrhaphy: Purpose, Procedure, Results & Recovery. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/treatments/23324-colporrhaphy. Date Accessed September 30, 2026.
Prolapse procedures. Health New Zealand. https://www.healthnz.govt.nz/health-topics/tests-and-treatments/surgery/prolapse-procedures. Date Accessed September 30, 2026.
Rectocele. StatPearls (NCBI Bookshelf). https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK546689/. Date Accessed September 30, 2026.
Rectocele Repair: Purpose, Procedure, Risks & Recovery. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/procedures/16610-rectocele-repair. Date Accessed September 30, 2026.
Rectocele: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Prevention. Cleveland Clinic. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17415-rectocele. Date Accessed September 30, 2026.