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Metronidazole is a prescription nitroimidazole antimicrobial available in oral, intravenous, vaginal, and topical formulations. Current conventional oral tablets include 250 mg and 500 mg strengths. They treat trichomoniasis, amebiasis, and selected serious infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria. Different formulations have separate indications and dosing instructions.
read more about metronidazole ...Metronidazole enters susceptible anaerobic bacteria and protozoa, where intracellular processes convert it into compounds that damage microbial DNA. This interferes with nucleic acid synthesis and leads to cell death. Its antimicrobial activity is primarily directed against certain anaerobic organisms and protozoal parasites.
Oral metronidazole treats laboratory-confirmed trichomoniasis in adults, intestinal amebiasis, amebic liver abscess, and selected serious anaerobic bacterial infections. These include qualifying intra-abdominal, gynecologic, skin, bone, joint, and central nervous system infections. Patients with Cockayne syndrome or previous hypersensitivity to nitroimidazoles must not receive the tablets.
Dosing depends on the infection. CDC guidance recommends 500 mg twice daily for seven days for trichomoniasis in women and 2 g as a single dose for men. Current tablet labeling lists 750 mg three times daily for five to ten days for intestinal amebiasis and approximately 7.5 mg per kg every six hours for serious anaerobic bacterial infections, with a 4 g daily maximum. Severe liver impairment requires dose reduction.
Metronidazole tablets carry a boxed warning based on carcinogenic findings in studies involving mice and rats. Other serious risks include seizures, encephalopathy, peripheral neuropathy, severe skin reactions, blood-cell abnormalities, and liver failure in patients with Cockayne syndrome. Current tablet labeling directs patients to avoid alcohol and products containing propylene glycol during treatment and for at least three days afterward.
Oral metronidazole treats trichomoniasis, amebiasis, and selected infections caused by susceptible anaerobic bacteria.
CDC guidelines recommend 500 mg by mouth twice daily for seven days.
Current tablet labeling directs patients to avoid alcohol during treatment and for at least three days after the last dose.
Yes. The boxed warning concerns carcinogenic findings in laboratory animals and advises against unnecessary use.
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Metronidazole. PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Metronidazole. Date Accessed October 14, 2026.
Metronidazole. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK539728/. Date Accessed October 14, 2026.