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Gastroenteritis is a very common illness characterized by inflammation of the stomach and intestines. It is commonly referred to as "stomach flu" or "stomach bug," although it is usually caused by a virus or bacteria, not influenza.
read more about gastroenteritis ...The causes are viral, with norovirus and rotavirus being the most common culprits. Bacterial causes include E. coli and Salmonella. Infection occurs through consuming contaminated food or water, or by contact with an infected person.
Features include small head size, smooth philtrum, thin upper lip, and short eye openings. Growth restriction can present before or after birth with low weight and length. Congenital heart defects and skeletal differences are also possible and can vary in severity. Developmental delays may affect speech, learning, and behavior. Vision or hearing problems can add to functional challenges through childhood.
Urgent rehydration is necessary. Fluid loss from vomiting and diarrhea can quickly lead to severe dehydration, especially in young children and the elderly. Treatment involves drinking oral rehydration solutions to replace lost salts and sugars.
Gastroenteritis severely impacts eye health due to dehydration. Severe fluid loss leads to decreased tear production and significant dry eyes, causing a burning sensation, redness, and temporary visual blurriness. It can also cause a periorbital rash in children.
Necessary prevention strategies involve strict hygiene. This includes frequent and thorough handwashing (especially after using the bathroom and before handling food) and avoiding contaminated food sources.
No, since the causes are usually viral, antibiotics are not effective and are generally avoided.
No, the influenza virus causes respiratory illness. Gastroenteritis is caused by other viruses like Norovirus.
Gradually return to bland foods (like toast or rice) as symptoms improve. Avoid dairy and high-fat foods initially.
Seek care if you cannot keep liquids down for 24 hours or if you notice signs of severe dehydration (no urination, sunken eyes). "Viral shedding" can continue after symptoms stop; practice strict handwashing to prevent spreading the virus to others in your household.
MedlinePlus. Gastroenteritis (medlineplus.gov). 2022.
NHS inform. Gastroenteritis (nhsinform.scot). 2025.
NHS. Diarrhoea and Vomiting (nhs.uk). 2023.
CDC. Norovirus (cdc.gov). 2025.