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Allopurinol is a prescription xanthine oxidase inhibitor used to reduce uric acid production. It is approved for adults with signs and symptoms of primary or secondary gout, patients with selected cancers receiving therapy that raises uric acid, and certain adults with recurrent calcium oxalate kidney stones linked to high urinary uric acid. It is not recommended for asymptomatic hyperuricemia.
read more about allopurinol ...Allopurinol inhibits xanthine oxidase, an enzyme involved in the final steps of uric acid formation. It also forms oxypurinol, an active metabolite that inhibits the same enzyme. Reduced conversion of hypoxanthine and xanthine into uric acid lowers uric acid concentrations in blood and urine, which helps control disorders linked to excess uric acid.
Allopurinol is used for symptomatic primary or secondary gout in adults. It is also used in adults and children receiving cancer therapy that raises serum and urinary uric acid. Another indication covers certain adults with recurrent calcium oxalate stones and high daily urinary uric acid despite dietary and fluid measures.
Adults with gout and normal kidney function commonly start with 100 mg once daily. The dose is increased gradually until serum uric acid reaches 6 mg/dL or lower, up to 800 mg daily. Lower starting doses and slower increases are used with kidney impairment. Taking tablets after meals reduces stomach irritation.
Allopurinol has been linked to serious and sometimes fatal skin and hypersensitivity reactions, including Stevens-Johnson syndrome, toxic epidermal necrolysis, and DRESS. Treatment is stopped at the first sign of rash or other hypersensitivity symptoms. Other risks include gout flares when therapy starts, kidney injury, liver injury, bone marrow suppression, and drowsiness.
Allopurinol lowers uric acid over time. It is not used for immediate relief of pain from an acute gout attack.
Yes. Gout flares can occur when treatment begins, so preventive anti-inflammatory therapy is commonly prescribed during initiation.
Yes. It is approved for patients receiving cancer therapy that causes elevated serum and urinary uric acid.
Yes. The current label directs patients to stop treatment at the first sign of rash and seek medical attention promptly.
Allopurinol. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a682673.html. Date Accessed September 11, 2026.
Allopurinol. StatPearls. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499942/. Date Accessed September 11, 2026.
Allopurinol Injection. MedlinePlus. https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/meds/a622045.html. Date Accessed September 11, 2026.
DailyMed - ALLOPURINOL tablet. https://www.dailymed.nlm.nih.gov/dailymed/drugInfo.cfm?setid=dbfb3bde-2274-43cc-b726-d4578ebdb5d4. Date Accessed September 11, 2026.
FDA Label - ALLOPURINOL Tablets. https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2024/018832s056s058s061%2C018877s063s065s068lbl.pdf. Date Accessed September 11, 2026.